{"id":1842,"date":"2016-10-08T17:07:50","date_gmt":"2016-10-08T15:07:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tolkien.cz\/?p=1842"},"modified":"2016-10-08T17:08:27","modified_gmt":"2016-10-08T15:08:27","slug":"pocitani-casu-na-arde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/tolkien.cz\/?p=1842","title":{"rendered":"Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu na Ard\u011b."},"content":{"rendered":"

Historie Ardy se d\u011bl\u00ed do t\u0159\u00ed \u010dasov\u00fdch obdob\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako Roky Lamp<\/strong>, Roky Strom\u016f<\/strong> a Roky Slunce<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm ne\u017e se zrodil \u010dasoprostor a nastal v\u011bk Lamp, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed b\u016fh Tolkienova vesm\u00edru: Eru<\/strong>, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd t\u00e9\u017e Il\u00favatar<\/strong>, vytvo\u0159il bohy a b\u016f\u017eky r\u016fzn\u00e9 moci zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako Ainur<\/strong>. Spole\u010dn\u011b vytvo\u0159enou hudbou pak tito bohov\u00e9 stvo\u0159ili E\u00e4<\/strong> (Vesm\u00edr) a v n\u011bm pak Ardu<\/strong> (Zemi).
\nPrvn\u00edch 15 nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch Ainur kte\u0159\u00ed sestoupily na Ardu, zn\u00e1me pod jm\u00e9nem: Valar<\/strong>, ostatn\u00ed Ainur men\u0161\u00ed moci, kte\u0159\u00ed je n\u00e1sledovaly, jsou pojmenov\u00e1ni: Maiar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

P\u00e1nov\u00e9 Valar jsou:<\/strong> Manw\u00eb<\/a>, Ulmo<\/a>, Aul\u00eb<\/a>, Orom\u00eb<\/a>, Mandos<\/a>, L\u00f3rien<\/a>, Tulkas<\/a>.
\nPan\u00ed Valar Jsou:<\/strong> Varda<\/a>, Yavanna<\/a>, Nienna<\/a>, Est\u00eb<\/a>, Vair\u00eb<\/a>, V\u00e1na<\/a>, Nessa<\/a>.
\nTemn\u00fd Vala a nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich je:<\/strong> Melkor<\/a> zn\u00e1m\u00fd t\u00e9\u017e jako Morgoth Bauglir.<\/p>\n

\"rzp0i\"<\/a>PO\u010c\u00cdT\u00c1N\u00cd \u010cASU NA ARD\u011a<\/strong>
\nV\u011bk lamp a strom\u016f je po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n v roc\u00edch Valian<\/strong> kter\u00e9 jsou podstatn\u011b del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e slune\u010dn\u00ed roky. 1 rok Valian se rovn\u00e1 asi 9,582 slune\u010dn\u00edch let.<\/strong> Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v roce 1950 se Tolkien rozhodli pou\u017e\u00edt mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hodnotu, toti\u017e 144 slune\u010dn\u00edch let na Valiansk\u00fd rok. Tato hodnota se ov\u0161em v\u011bt\u0161inou neuv\u00e1d\u00ed.
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

K problematice datov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bk\u016f Ardy a p\u0159epo\u010dtu \u010das\u016f plat\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:
\nValar vytvo\u0159ily slunce a m\u011bs\u00edc a\u017e pot\u00e9, co byly zni\u010deny dva stromy. Tak\u017ee cel\u00fd pojem „rok“, stejn\u011b jako „den“ je v t\u00e9 dob\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd a nezakl\u00e1d\u00e1 se na astronomick\u00fdch \u00fakazech. Tehdy kdy\u017e rostli dva stromy, byl den m\u011b\u0159en jejich rozk\u011btem. Ka\u017ed\u00fd strom kvetl sedm hodin, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e doba po kterou kvetli se navz\u00e1jem p\u0159ekr\u00fdvala jednu hodinu a to dvakr\u00e1t denn\u011b. (\u0158e\u010deno jinak, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hodinu kvetl Laurelin<\/strong>, a v 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 a 1 hodinu kvetl Telperion<\/strong>. Tak\u017ee 1. a 7. hodinu kvetli oba stromy z\u00e1rove\u0148.) z tohoto d\u016fvodu bylo dvan\u00e1ct hodin denn\u011b. Tolkien ale tak\u00e9 poukazuje na to, \u017ee tyto hodiny jsou ka\u017ed\u00e1 sedmkr\u00e1t del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e slune\u010dn\u00ed hodiny, hodiny na\u0161eho „re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho sv\u011bta“.
\nKa\u017ed\u00fd Valiansk\u00fd rok m\u011bl 1000 Valiansk\u00fdch dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PO\u010c\u00cdT\u00c1N\u00cd \u010cASU ARDY<\/b>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00fd den<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n12 Valiansk\u00fdch hodin <\/br>(doba rozkv\u011btu Dvou Strom\u016f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00fd rok<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n1000 Valiansk\u00fdch dn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 V\u011bk Valar<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n100 Valiansk\u00fdch rok\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u0159epo\u010det Valiansk\u00e9ho \u010dasu na \u010das slune\u010dn\u00ed (re\u00e1ln\u00fd)<\/b>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00e1 hodina<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n7 hodin slune\u010dn\u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00fd den<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n(12 x 7) 84 hodin\u00e1m slune\u010dn\u00edm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00fd rok<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n(12000 x 7) 84000 Hodin\u00e1m slune\u010dn\u00edm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Slune\u010dn\u00ed (re\u00e1ln\u00fd) rok m\u00e1 8766 hodin. (365,25 dne x 24 hodin) a tedy plat\u00ed:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 Valiansk\u00fd rok<\/td>\n=<\/td>\n9,582 rok\u016f slune\u010dn\u00edch. (84000 : 8766)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 informace jsou p\u0159evzaty z knihy: <\/br> Morgoth’s Ring; Annals of Aman; ISBN-13: 978-0395680926<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/br><\/p>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu v\u011bk\u016f se na Ard\u011b vyvinulo n\u011bkolik kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Data o nich jsou podrobn\u011b shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 na Angrenostu, odkazy na n\u011b jsou n\u00ed\u017ee:<\/p>\n

Kalend\u00e1\u0159e obecn\u011b<\/a><\/h3>\n

Kalend\u00e1\u0159 Eldar<\/a><\/h3>\n

Lidsk\u00e9 kalend\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/h3>\n

Krajov\u00fd letopo\u010det<\/a><\/h3>\n

Trpasli\u010d\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/a><\/h3>\n

Kalend\u00e1\u0159e – srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed tabulka<\/a><\/h3>\n

<\/br><\/p>\n

\n

<\/br>
\nPokra\u010duj na \u010dasovou osu: <\/b> V\u011bku Lamp a Strom\u016f. >>> <\/a><\/p>\n


\n<\/center><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historie Ardy se d\u011bl\u00ed do t\u0159\u00ed \u010dasov\u00fdch obdob\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako Roky Lamp, Roky Strom\u016f a Roky Slunce. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm ne\u017e se zrodil \u010dasoprostor a nastal v\u011bk Lamp, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed b\u016fh Tolkienova vesm\u00edru: Eru, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd t\u00e9\u017e Il\u00favatar, vytvo\u0159il bohy a b\u016f\u017eky r\u016fzn\u00e9 moci zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako Ainur. Spole\u010dn\u011b vytvo\u0159enou hudbou pak tito bohov\u00e9 stvo\u0159ili E\u00e4 (Vesm\u00edr) a v […]<\/p>\n

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